日本薬理学雑誌
Online ISSN : 1347-8397
Print ISSN : 0015-5691
ISSN-L : 0015-5691
47 巻, 3-4 号
選択された号の論文の14件中1~14を表示しています
  • 加藤 泰基
    1951 年 47 巻 3-4 号 p. 93-102,en7
    発行日: 1951/11/20
    公開日: 2011/09/07
    ジャーナル フリー
    Rutin has a cardiotonic action on the isolated frog heart and contracts blood-vessels of toad's hind limbs and of rabbit's ears, but it has no significant effect on the blood pressure of rabbit. Rutin has also a suppressive action on the movement of the isolated rabbit's intestine as well as a slight diuretic action. Administered intravenously rutin is excreted in the urine at the rate of 22.61-44.16 % in 2.5 hours. Rutin has some influences on the blood-picture of rabbits : there is initial increase in erythrocytes and leucocytes count which is later decreased. No apparent changes are observed on the clotting time of the blood. Moreover, rutin has specific effects on adrenaline, e. g. the inhibition of its oxidation, the potentiation of its action and the sensitization to adrenaline. On the other hand rutin has an inhibitory effect on the Schwartzman phenomenon, testicular hyaluronidase activity, lung bleeding under low pressure and on the diffusion.with the Menkin factor. Furthermore it was proved that rutin was a stronger capillary stabilizer than hesperidin. Quercetin manifests similar but more stronger effect than rutin.
  • 第II報 循環系, 呼吸及び滑平筋臓器に及ぼす影響
    黒田 章夫, 万波 忠三郎
    1951 年 47 巻 3-4 号 p. 103-107,en7
    発行日: 1951/11/20
    公開日: 2011/09/07
    ジャーナル フリー
    This drug causes a rise in the blood pressure of rabbit. The site of the action is believed to be in the vagal center. The blood-vessels of the rabbit's ear are either dilated or constricted. The frog's heart in situ is generally depressed with eventual heart-block. In the experiment on the isolated heart in toto and on the sinus preparations this is also the case, while the strips of ventricular muscles are stimulated by a low concentration of it. The inhibitory action on the isolated heart may be ascribed to the decreased irritability of the excitomotor area, and partially to the effect either on the heart muscle or on the parasympathetic nerve. The action on the isolated rabbit's heart is similar to that on the frog's. On the respiration this drug exerts a stimulant action and on the isolated intestine and uterus (rabbit and dog) a depressant but sometimes stimulant action. These actions seem to be atributable mainly to the effect on the muscle itself and in part to the effect on the parasympathetic mechanism.
  • 第1報 海〓外耳道の知覺麻痺に對するPropylene glycolの意義に就て
    山下 蕃
    1951 年 47 巻 3-4 号 p. 108-114,en8
    発行日: 1951/11/20
    公開日: 2011/09/07
    ジャーナル フリー
    The scope of this experiment is to find powerful anesthetics to be used on tympanum. The mucous membrane of the external auditory canal of the guinea-pig is very adapted for the estimation of susceptibility to pain. After the application of local anesthetics dissolved in propylene glycol (PG) on the mucous membrane, a uniform mechanical stimulus was applied thereon and the mode of responses was investigated, recording the time-interval between the initiation and disappearance of responses and comparing such a record of one drug with that of another. The effectiveness of drugs was expressed as reciprocal of time. Results : (1) PG has no surface anesthetic effect. (2) Above certain concentrations nupercain-HCl, cocain-HCl, anesthesin, phenol, and menthol, each dissolved in PG, exert local anesthetic actions and the intensity of such actions is in the order named. (3) Among the solvents such as PG, glycerol, olive-oil, and water, PG is the most effective for potentiation of the anesthetic effect, while the phenol alone acts more effectively when dissolved in water than in PG.
  • 渡邊 上
    1951 年 47 巻 3-4 号 p. 115-117,en8
    発行日: 1951/11/20
    公開日: 2011/09/07
    ジャーナル フリー
    さきにHexylresorcinol (H), n-Amylresorcinol (N) 及びiso-AmylresorcinoI (I) の三者につき毒性を比較檢討した結果, (1) マウス經口投與時のLD50を比較した場合はN及びIは同程度にHよりやや毒性が強い. (2) ウサギ胃粘膜に對する刺戟作用は三者の間に有意の差は認められない. (3) ウサギ角膜に對する刺戟作用は大量適用時にはN及びIはほぼ同程度にHよりやや強いが, 小量適用時にはこれらの間に有意の差は認められなくなることが分つた1).
    今回更に本學部有機藥化學教室富田教授のもとで合成されたCyclohexylchlororesorcinol (C), n-Hexylchlororesorcinol (HC) 及び n-Octylchlororesorcinol (O) を頂いたので, これにHを比較のため對照として加え, 合計4種の藥物について前回とほぼ同樣の實驗をおこなつた。
  • 横井 泰生
    1951 年 47 巻 3-4 号 p. 118-128,en8
    発行日: 1951/11/20
    公開日: 2011/09/07
    ジャーナル フリー
    Six organic thiocyanates, ethyl-, phenyl-, banzyl-, thymol-thiocyanate, ethylthiocyanoacetate, and para-thiocyanodimethylaniline were studied with regard to their pharmacological and toxicological actions. The toxic symptoms of organic thiocyanates which were observed in animals bare a great likeness with those of cyanides. The LD50 of cyanides and some of the organic thiocyanates were almost equimolecular, especially when administered intraperitoneally, and also there was no wide difference between them in the time required to kill the animals. The kymographic tracings of respiratory movement and blood pressure under the intravenous administration of most of these organic thiocyanates were almost alike to those of the cyanides; they caused temporary cessation of respiratory movement with 0.02 mM per kilogram. When some organic thiocyanates administered subcutaneously, the oxygen consumption of rabbits showed marked decrease even in the stage of convulsions. This phenomenon occurred similarly with KCN, the dosage of which was 0.07 mM per kilogram and coincided with the calculated number of three kinds of these organic compounds. Antidotes for cyanide poisoning, sodium thiosulfate and sodium nitrite, protected successfully mice and pigeons from death in spite of the lethal doses of organic thiocyanates. Furthermore, it was identified chemically by prussian blue-Schönbein's and AgNO3-reaction, that hydrocyanic acid was liberated to some extent from all the organic thiocyanates except para-thiocyanodimethylaniline, when 0.1-0.5 gm of these compounds were mixed with 50 gm of animal blood diluted with Tyrode's solution and stirred for one hour at 37° C. The results obtained here have led me to the assumption that there must be the liberation of hydro-cyanic acid from organic thiocyanates in the body, to which the toxic actions of those compounds should be attributed.
  • 大石 弘
    1951 年 47 巻 3-4 号 p. 129-136,en9
    発行日: 1951/11/20
    公開日: 2011/09/07
    ジャーナル フリー
    Y. Nakazawa has previously reported that acetylcholine was decomposed by the tissues of the chick embryo cultured, in vitro. In order to study more precisely, the tissue-slices of heart and liver of the chick embryo were cultivated, in a medium in Carrel's battles. Acetylcholine (ACh) was added to and the amount of undecomposed ACh after 18, 24 or 48 hours from the beginning was estimated biologically using frog's rectus abdominis. Results : ACh was decomposed not only by the heart-and liver tissues but also by the culture me dium itself which was made from the extract of the chick-embryo. So these tissue-slices wese cultured in vitro only with Ringer's solution as their nutrient source. No decomposition of ACh was observed in the cultured tissues, the growth of which have been checked by addition of As2O3. The decomposition of ACh by the cultured tissues was suppressed by the simultaneous presence of caffeine, vagostigmine, procaine, and physostigmine. The degree of suppression of ACh decomposition by caffeine was a little stronger in the heart tissue culture than in the liver culture, but it was just the opposite in the case of vagostigmine as well as of procaine. ACh when added in large amount together with physostigmine to the medium was decomposed more by the heart tissue than by the liver, but in the case of a small amount of ACh the condition was reversed. From the results it is concluded that ACh is decomposed by cholinesterase (ChE) inherently contained in these tissue-slices, and that the liver of the chick-embryo contains more true ChE than the heart, but the latter is more rich in the pseudo-ChE contents than the former.
  • 許 秋木, 佐治 嘉雄
    1951 年 47 巻 3-4 号 p. 137-142,en9
    発行日: 1951/11/20
    公開日: 2011/09/07
    ジャーナル フリー
    After subcutaneous injections of 0.05, 0.15, 0.50, and 0.80 mg of adrenaline per kilogram of body weight into rabbits, its effects on the blood sugar, lactic acid, acetone, acetoacetic acid, and β-hydroxybutyric acid were investigated during 24 hours. Injection of the physiological salt solution produces no conspicuous change. When 0.15-0.80 mg of adrenaline is given, acetone, acetoacetic acid and β-hydroxy butyric acid are decreased to a certain amount. The time necessary for the restoration to normal state is just proportional to the amount of dose administered. Blood sugar and lactic acid are always increased by adrenaline.
  • 第2報 海〓外耳道に於ける表面麻醉効果の増強に就て
    山下 蕃
    1951 年 47 巻 3-4 号 p. 143-151,en10
    発行日: 1951/11/20
    公開日: 2011/09/07
    ジャーナル フリー
    This experiment was also carried out using the same method as described in the previous report [this Breviaria no. 15 (1951)].Results : (1) In the same concentrations the anesthetic action of nupercain and cocain bases on the mucous membrane of the external auditory canal of the guinea-pig were about twice stronger than their salts. (2) The anesthetic power of nupercain and propaesin was enhanced by the simultaneous application of a certain. dose of phenol, menthol, antipyrin, aminopyrin or saponin, and there existed also a synergic action between nupercain and propaesin. (3) The effect of nupercain was not increased by the addition of salicylic acid, methylene blue or glucose. (4) The effect of “thymkol”, the mixed preparation containing the bases or hydrochloric acid salts of nupercain, propaesin, phenol, antipyrin, and saponin, each dissolved in PG, was found to be very powerful.
  • 大鳥居 健
    1951 年 47 巻 3-4 号 p. 152-157,en10
    発行日: 1951/11/20
    公開日: 2011/09/07
    ジャーナル フリー
    The pharmacological effects of synthetic vitamin K3 (2-methyl-1, 4-naphthoquinone) were studied and the following results were obtained : Initial dilation and subsequent constriction of blood vessels ; a slight rise of blood pressure; stimulation of respiratory movement; acceleration of intestinal and uterine muscle movement and marked diuresis. By a large amount of vitamin K3 there is observed inhibition of heart beat, and a fall of blood pressure. The minimal lethal dose by the subcutaneous injection is 6 mg per 10 g of body weight of mice.
  • 森田 雅夫
    1951 年 47 巻 3-4 号 p. 158-171,en10
    発行日: 1951/11/20
    公開日: 2011/09/07
    ジャーナル フリー
    The effects of adrenaline on the blood pressure. of rabbit, when it is injected into the ear-vein or in the pulmonary artery as well as in the left ventricle, or when sprayed on the bronchial walls directly, were studied. Also, adrenaline, ephedrine, benadryl, and atropine were sprayed on the bronchial walls and the minimal effective doses which were able to relax the bronchial muscles constricted by the preliminary spraying of histamine or acetylcholine were determined. From the results it was concluded that no adrenaline is destroyed in the pulmonary vessels while about a half of the dose is destroyed in the regions between the pulmonary vessels and the lung tissues and about 80 to 90 per cent is destroyed in the bronchial tissues.
  • 小澤 光
    1951 年 47 巻 3-4 号 p. 172-177,en11
    発行日: 1951/11/20
    公開日: 2011/09/07
    ジャーナル フリー
    In order to determine the differences in effect of methyl and ethyl radicals in pharmacological actions, I compared compounds having one, two, or three methyl radicals with those in which the methyl radicals had been substituted with the ethyl radicals respectively and vice versa. Results : (1) For comparing the differences in effect of methyl and ethyl radicals in compounds having single methyl or ethyl radical, I have chosen meperidine hydrochloride (a), an analgesic, and a compound (b) which was obtained by substituting the methyl radical attached to nitrogen of the meperidine hydrochloride with an ethyl radical. No qualitative differences were observed. However, the action of (b) appeared to be slightly weaker than that of (a) as shown by LD50 in mice and the tests for analgesic action by the hot plate method and the respiratory depressant action in rabbit by the Wright's respiratory apparatus. (2) As an example of compounds having two methyl and ethyl radicals, the respiratory stimulants, coramine (nikethamide) (c) and cycliton (e) were compared with compounds derived from them by the substitution of the ethyl radicals by the methyl radicals respectively (d, f). Not only considerable quantitative differences were observed in LD50 in mice, minimal convulsive doses and, in respiratory stimulant action, but also qualitative differences were observed. Where as (c) and (e) had only stimulant action, (d) and (f) had depressast action in small dosage and stimulant action in large dosage. As a further example the sedatives, coumarine-3-carboxylic acid diethylamide (g) and its methyl substituted coumarine-3-carboxylic acid dimethylamide (h) were compared (h) was weaker in hypnotic action but was more toxic. Qualitative differences were also observed in the respiratory stimulant action and in the convulsive state. (3) As an example of three methyl and ethyl radicals, carbaminoyl choline chloride (i) was compared with a compound derived from it by the substitution of its three methyl radicals by three ethyl radicals (j). Althoush (i) exhibited series of actions observable when three parasympathetic nerve is stimulated. (j) had none of such actions. Also difference in LD50 in mice of (j) and (i) was very great, (j) being 200 times that of (i).
  • 西村 菊次郎, 稻垣 成男
    1951 年 47 巻 3-4 号 p. 178-183,en11
    発行日: 1951/11/20
    公開日: 2011/09/07
    ジャーナル フリー
    Our experiments, were planned in order to discover, simplest method of testing whether a solution which is injected into the rabbit's ear-vein is pyrogenic or not. When a rabbit was fastened with its back its body temperature declined gradually until it reached its lowest point in two hours, and thereafter the temperature curve traced a certain pattern during two hours' observation when the animal was healthy. Results obtained from forty rabbits convinced us that the patterns are normal for healthy animals and that they are reliable from statistical point of view. As standards of temperature measurement the following three criteria were chosen : First, the maximum temperature rise, secondly, the maximum difference of temperature between the beginning and the end of a thirty mimute period among four such periods after injection, and thirdly, the type of temperature curve. Any deviation from the standard indicated the existence of pyrogen. Because of the fact that when some pyrogenic substances were injected into the rabbit's vein two hours after the animal was held in position, the temperature curve showed usually a certain deviation from the standard, this method seemed to us to be probably quite suited for our experimental purpose.
  • 荒谷 春恵
    1951 年 47 巻 3-4 号 p. 184-197,en12
    発行日: 1951/11/20
    公開日: 2011/09/07
    ジャーナル フリー
    It seems necessary to investigate the pattern of nucleic acids in the living tissues for the study on the mechanism of stimulant action on heart, of cumulative action and of intoxication. with digitalis glycosides. In this experiment digitalis glycosides (digitoxin, helleborein, g-strophanthin and digicorin) were independently applied to the chick embryo, frog and cat, studying the change of nucleic acids contents of heart muscle cells by the hematoxyline, Feulgen's or methylgreen-pyronine staining, from which the following results were obtained : (1) Digitalis glycosides stimulated, and later inhibited the growth of chick embryonal heart muscle culture in vitro. Desoxyribonucleic acic (D.N.A.) was increased when the growth was stimulated and decreased with the inhibition of growth. (2) Besides the affliction of heart muscle no toxic effect was observed on frog by the consecutive administration of digitalis glycosides, however, the changes of nuclei of ventricle cells were fairly remarkable. Digitoxin and g-strophanthin increased the number of nucleus of ventricle and decreased the red-nucleus count of the heart muscle cells by methylgreen-pyronine staining, at the same time high molecular D.N.Ag.was increased and low molecular D.N.A. was decreased. On the other hand, helleborein increased the number of nucleus of auriclei and ventricle tissue cells to some extent, and slightly increased the high as well as the low molecular D.N.A.. No effect of digicorin was observed on the heart other than the decrease of low molecular D.N.A. contents. (3) The consecutive administration of digitalis glycosides always drove the cat into a toxic state, e. g. vomiting, and histological changes were observed on cytoplasm and nuclei either of the heart muscle or of the papillary muscles. The effects of digitoxin and g-strophanthin on these muscles were clearly seen, while that of digicorin was very slight In these cases D.N.A. contents were, increased, but in few cases decreased. Ribonucleic acid (R.N.A.) was increased when g-strophanthin or helleborein was applied. Thus it was concluded that digitalis glycosides had some effect on the nucleic acid pattern of the heart muscle, that is, the change of D.N.A. contents Were followed by the stimulant and toxic action of glycosides, suggesting that the enzyme concerned with nucleic acid metabolism were playing an important role on these phenomena.
  • 1951 年 47 巻 3-4 号 p. a101-a138
    発行日: 1951/11/20
    公開日: 2011/09/07
    ジャーナル フリー
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